“하루에 이 정도만 걸어도”… 사망 위험 40% 낮춘다는 ‘걷기 마법’

‘얼마나 자주 걷느냐’보다 ‘얼마나 많이 걷느냐’가 노년기 건강을 지키는 데 더 중요하다는 연구 결과가 나왔다. 꾸준히 매일 걷지 않더라도, 일정한 총 걸음 수를 채우는 것만으로도 사망 위험을 크게 줄일 수 있다는 것이다.

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미국 하버드 의대 연구진은 심혈관 질환과 암 병력이 없는 노년 여성 1만3000여 명을 대상으로 평균 11년에 걸쳐 걷기 습관과 건강 상태를 추적 조사했다. 연구에 참여한 여성들은 2011년부터 2015년 사이 7일간 가속도계를 착용해 하루 평균 걸음 수를 기록했으며, 이후 2024년까지 추적 관찰이 이루어졌다. 그 결과 전체 참가자 중 약 13%가 사망하고, 5%가 심혈관 질환을 진단받은 것으로 확인됐다.

분석 결과, 하루 4000보 이상 걷는 날이 주 3일 이상인 여성은 그렇지 않은 여성보다 사망 위험이 40% 낮았다. 주 1~2일만 4000보 이상 걸은 경우에도 사망 위험이 26% 줄었다. 특히 심혈관 질환으로 인한 사망 위험 역시 하루 4000보 이상 걷는 날이 주 1~2일이든, 3일 이상이든 모두 27% 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

하루 평균 걸음 수가 많을수록 건강상 이점은 더 커졌다. 하루 5000보 이상 걷는 사람은 사망 위험이 약 30% 감소했고, 6000~7000보 이상 걷는 사람은 최대 40%까지 사망 위험이 줄었다.

연구진은 “이번 결과는 매일 걷지 않더라도, 하루 4000보 이상 걷는 날이 주 1~2일만 있어도 심혈관 질환과 사망 위험을 낮출 수 있음을 보여준다”며 “걷기의 ‘빈도’보다는 ‘총량’이 건강에 더 큰 영향을 미친다”고 설명했다.

이어 “매일 꾸준히 걷거나, 여유가 있는 날 몰아서 많이 걷는 등 자신에게 맞는 방식으로 총 걸음 수를 늘리는 것이 중요하다”며 “특정한 패턴을 따르기보다 일상 속에서 지속 가능한 신체 활동을 실천하는 것이 노년기 건강 유지의 핵심”이라고 강조했다.

결국 중요한 것은 ‘매일 몇 번 걷느냐’가 아니라 ‘얼마나 많이 걸었느냐’였다. 꾸준히 쌓이는 걸음 하나하나가 노후 건강을 지키는 가장 간단하고 효과적인 투자라는 점이 이번 연구로 다시 한번 확인됐다.

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